People often talk about 'Eastern' and 'Western' thinking. I prefer just to talk about 'thinking'. Two good books to start you off are The Tao of Pooh and The Te of Piglet by Benjamin Hoff.

In school we learn what we are studying, but not always why we are studying whatever it is, or even more importantly how we should study. By broadening your mind and beginning to understand how it works for you, you can begin to understand how to learn. Moreover, you begin to appreciate your place in the world, your links to other people and how to contribute positively in all of this. Not easy to get hold of when you are very young or when no-one has mentioned these things before. It is very easy to drift through school (life) without really knowing why you are there or what you should be doing (or how to do it). Recognising the links between subjects at school, and the links between people and all things in general, helps you to open your mind and to deepen your understanding. If I can be Grade 8 on the oboe, a black belt in martial arts, a reiki master, run the London Marathon, play representative sports, be a fellow of a Royal Society, what is to stop you? If you do not allow others to limit you, then finally only you are holding yourself back. 

If you fancy that you have a good handle on things already, then try reading Sophie's World  by Jostein Gaarder and Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance by Robert Pirsig. Believe in yourself, try your best and no-one can ask any more of you than that, can they?